Dr Valeria Gigante, Scientist and Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Development Lead at WHO, discussed the escalating threat these diseases pose globally. “Fungal infections can range from mild conditions like athlete’s foot to life-threatening diseases that affect vital organs such as the brain, lungs, and spinal cord,” Gigante explained. “The risk is particularly high for those with weakened immune systems, such as individuals living with HIV, cancer, or diabetes.”

While fungal infections are most commonly associated with vulnerable populations, Gigante pointed out that these diseases have also become more prevalent among the general population. "During the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, we saw a concerning rise in mucormycosis, or 'black fungus', especially among those recovering from the virus. These infections often require invasive treatments, such as the removal of infected tissue or organs."

She also noted the impact of climate change on the spread of fungal pathogens. “Shifting weather patterns are allowing these fungi to reach new areas, making people in already vulnerable communities more susceptible,” Gigante said.

One of the major challenges in tackling invasive fungal diseases is the lack of effective diagnostic tools. “Many fungal infections are underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed,” Gigante explained. “While superficial infections like yeast infections can be treated, more serious infections often go unnoticed, leading to delays in appropriate care.”

The WHO is calling for increased investment in antifungal research and better diagnostic capabilities, particularly for vulnerable populations who are most at risk. "This issue requires global collaboration and more resources to ensure that we have the tools and treatments necessary to combat these deadly diseases," Gigante concluded.